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Ser and estar + Adjektive
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Some adjectives change their meaning depending on whether they are used with ser or estar. But even here the connections with “ser” indicate more stable, permanent states and with “estar” transient;impermanent states:
Adjectives with ser and estar
| Ser | Estar | |
| Atento/a | Be polite | Watch out |
| Bueno/a | Good, honest, be nice | Be healthy, taste good |
| Frío/a | To be without feeling | to be cold |
| Joven | To be young | Looking young |
| Listo/a | to be smart | Be finished |
| Malo/a | to be bad, to be angry | Sick, spoiled, bad taste |
| Verde | Be green | Be immature |
| Vivo/a | To be clever | Be alive |
Some participles, which are used as adjectives, also change their meaning, depending on whether they stand with ser or estar:
| Ser | Estar | |
| Aburrido/a | To be boring | Be bored |
| Cerrado/a | an uncommunicative person | closed |
| Interesado/a | Being selfish | To be interested in |
| Callado/a | Be quiet | silence |
| Cansado/a | To be annoying | To be tired |
| Abierto/a | being open (person) | open |
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